Telecommunications Options for the 90's - Workshop

Havana, Cuba

Thursday August 25, 1994

Overview of Communications Options from the User's Point of View Elementos sobre las opciones de comunicaciones, del punto de vista del usuario.

Daniel Pimienta, Presidente Fundacion Redes y Desarrollo (FUNREDES) [email protected]

  1. UBICACION DEL TEMA

  2. LAS VARIAS MIRADAS A LOS VARIOS PROTOCOLOS

    3. ___________________________________________________________________

TIPO DE RED   PROTOCOLO   DIRECCION      FUNCIONES      ASOCIACION

___________________________________________________________________

BITNET/EARN   NJE/BSC     user@host      e-mail (BSMTP) ACADEMICA

              IBM                        listserv

                                         sendfile (*)

                                         passthru (*)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 

UUNET/UUCP    UUCP        user!h1!h2     e-mail         COOPERATIVA

              UNIX                       usenet

-------------------------------------------------------------------



FIDONET       FIDO        user 1:121/323 e-mail         COOPERATIVA

              MS/DOS                     echomail

-------------------------------------------------------------------

INTERNET      TCP-IP      [email protected] e-mail (SMTP)  COOPERATIVA

              ARPANET                    FTP

                                         TELNET

-------------------------------------------------------------------

OSI           OSI         MUY LARGA!!!!! e-mail      

              ISO (X...)                 FTAM 

              CCITT                      

-------------------------------------------------------------------

PROPRIETARIAS SNA, DNA, XNS, NCA...                         

___________________________________________________________________

  3. PUNTOS ESPECIALMENTE RELEVANTE SOBRE LOS PROTOCOLOS

    4. 

INTERNET = ESTANDAR DE HECHO (ANALOGIA CON DOS)

           PLUS FUNCIONAL (TELNET + FTP ===> ARCHIE, GOPHER, WWW...)

           CAPACIDAD DE NORMALIZAR CON RAPIDEZ (ISOC/IETF ===> RFC)

           PROTOCOLO DE CONVERGENCIA



BITNET   = FILOSOFIA MAINFRAME (HERENCIA IBM)

           EN VIA DE DESAPARICION

           APORTO LISTSERV

           SIN EMBARGO APORTE FUNDAMENTAL EN LA CULTURA INTERNET

           CARTA BITNET ===> USUARIO FINAL NO PAGA

                             TARIFA INDEPENDIENTE TRAFFICO/DISTANCIA

                             OBLIGACION DE ACEPTAR LAZOS

                          

UUCP     = PUNTO DE ENTRADA SENCILLO Y ECONOMICO A LAS REDES (PVD)

           FILOSOFIA UNIX 

           STOCK DE FREEWARE IMPORTANTE



FIDONET  = PUNTO DE ENTRADA SENCILLO Y ECONOMICO A LAS REDES (PVD)

           FILOSOFIA PC/DOS

           MAS ACEPTADO EN AFRICA QUE AMERICA LATINA



OSI      = LA NORMA OFICIAL

           APORTE ARQUITECTURAL  

           INCAPACIDAD A NORMALIZAR RAPIDAMENTE

    NOTA: REDES APC (BASADAS EN UUCP) UNA SOLUCION PARA ONGs EN AUSENCIA DE ALTERNATIVAS VALIDAS NACIONALES. PEACENET, GREENET, ..., ALTERNEX, NICARAO, ECUANEX, CHASQUE, LANETA...

  4. PUNTOS QUE MERECEN ATENCION ESPECIAL

    5. 0-LAS DIFERENTES BARRERAS PARA EL USUARIO:



BARRERAS                                         ALIVIOS

-TECNICA                                  ENTRENAMIENTO/SOLIDARIDAD            

-ECONOMICA                                COOPERATIVAS

-LINGUISTICA (LOS ACCENTOS)               INGLES OR NOT INGLES? MIME       

-CULTURAL                                 NEO-CULTURA INTERNET           

-CAPACIDAD DE DIGESTION DE INFORMACION    ORGANIZACION/PROGRAMAS

    1-LA PROBLEMATICA DE LAS DIRECCIONES

    LA MAYORIA DE LOS PROBLEMAS DE FALLO DE INTERCAMBIOS PROCEDEN DE ERRORES EN LAS DIRECCIONES. 

    RECOMENDACIONES ====> BIEN LEER/ESCRIBIR LAS DIRECCIONES

                      PRESENTARSE EN FORMATO INTERNET

    DOMINIOS INTERNET:

    FORMATOS INTERNET:

    GATEWAYS/PASARELAS Y LA CONECTIVIDAD EXTENDIDA

    PASARELA = Dispositivo que permite la compatibilizacion de los protocolos y de sus formatos de direccion. 

    


                                                       @NORTHNET 

                                .   .   .     @  BITNET@EARN

           FIDONET@@@@@@@@@@@.              .@

                           .                   .

                          .  I N T E R N E T    .

                           .                    .

                      OSI@@@.                .@@@@ UUCP                               ..................

                                 .   .    .

    2-LA BUENA REDUCACION (NETIQUETTE)

    Como comportarse? Cuales son las reglas implicitas del campo?

    3-LA DIABETES INFORMATICUS

    Como evitar la sobrecarga de informacion?

    4-LA TRANSFORMACION DE CONSUMIDOR A PRODUCTOR (DE INFORMACION)

    Como valorar los recursos de informacion de los paises del Sur?

  5. ESTRATEGIA PARA VOLVERSE UN USUARIO SIN DEMASIADO SUFRIMIENTO

  6. BIBLIOGRAFIA SOBRE EL TEMA

    1. "The Matrix", John Quarterman, Digital Press, 1990 La biblia, mas bien para profesionales o usuarios MUY curiosos.
    2. "The Internet Connection", J. Quarterman, S. Carl-Mitchell, Addison-Wesley, 1994. Mas reciente, buen libro para el que debe ser el administrador de un nodo Internet.
    3. "The ISO model of architecture for Open Systems Interconnections", H. Zimmermann, IEEE Trans. on Comm., vol. COM28, no4, april 1980. Una vision sintetica del modelo en capa.
    4. "Global networks: computers amnd international communications", L. Harasim, MIT Press, 1993
    5. "The whole Internet", E. Krol, O'Reilly and Assoc. 1992. Muy didactico.
    6. "Connecting to the Internet", S. Estrada, O'Reilly and Assoc. 1993
    7. "The Internet Unleashed", Sams Publishing, 1994. Donde todo el mundo encuentra algo nuevo a aprender (1400 paginas escritas por mas de 50 autores diferentes.

  7.   ANEXO: BIBLIOGRAFIA GENERICA PARA LA REGION

    8. SUBSET OF BIBLIO/NETOGRAPHY: LATIN AMERICAN INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET compiled by Molly Molloy, New Mexico State University Library, Las Cruces, NM 88001

    Listed here are references to articles, books, electronic files, gophers, databases, computer programs and other resources that might be of interestto Latin Americanists exploring the Internet. This list is not meant to be comprehensive. The UT-LANIC gopher provides the best gateway at present for exploring Latin American resources on the Internet.

    Association for Progressive Communications. Global Computer Communications for Environment, Human Rights, Development and Peace [ftp document]. :

    GNET Archive; 1993. Note: Brochure of the Association for Progressive Communications. FTP Directory Filename . Details of the APC organization, including addresses of the APC member networks all over the world, including Uruguay, Brazil, Ecuador, Nicaragua.

    Association of Research Libraries. Directory of Electronic Journals [serial publication]. ISBN: 1057-1337. Printed edition of the Strangelove list of electronic journals (see below). For more information on the publication email .

    Chicano/LatinoNet [gopher system]. Note: Access via gopher Director: Richard Chabran . Clearinghouse for information on Chicano/Latino research at the University of California and elsewhere.

    CYBERLIBRARY [gopher system]. Gainesville: University of Florida Library Systems Office. Note: To access via telnet: Login: Also available via any gopher server that provides menu access to other gophers. Contact: Suzy Shaw . Cyberlibrary provides online access to Internet reference sources such as the Art St. George list of telnet accessible library catalogs, the Kovacs list of electronic conferences, the Strangelove list of electronic journals and more. It also contains a "Latin American Information" menu item that provides access to several electronic mail lists on Latin America. The user can also search the State Department Travel Advisories via Cyberlibrary and several other electronic reference sources.

    ECUANET: Corporacion Ecuatoriana de Informacion [gopher system]. Corporacion Ecuatoriana de Informacion. Note: Access via any gopher menu which provides access to gopher servers worldwide. Contact for ECUANET: Xavier Baquero, Director or or . ECUANET provides Internet access and services to more than 500 users in Ecuador as of May 1993. Via the ECUANET gopher, users can access library catalogs, other gophers, archie and a variety of (standard) Internet services. Also provides a news service, " Diario Hoy", which is also sent to the ECUADOR e-mail list subscribers.

    Hahn, Harley; Stout, Rick. The Internet Complete Reference. Berkeley, CA: Osborne McGraw-Hill; 1994. Said to be one of the best Internet books so far...

    Handbook of Latin American Studies [bibliographic database]. Note: Access via the UT-LANIC gopher or via telnet login: lanic Follow the menus: Latin AMerica/Latin America General Information/ Handbook of Latin American Studies (HLAS). HLAS is produced by the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress. It covers published materials on a wide range of topics in the humanities and social sciences.

    Jacobson, Thomas L.; Zimpfer, Scott. Non-Commercial Computer Networks and National Development [ftp document]. : GNET Archive; 1993. Note: FTP from Directory Filename Article to be published in Telematics and Informatics. Discusses the growing role of computer networks in developing countries in the context of other communications media.

    Kehoe, Brendan. Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginners Guide [book]. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall; 1993. Note: The first edition is available from several FTP sites, including: nic.merit.edu in the directory: introducing.the.internet. Filename: zen.txt. The new version is published as a book and contains new information and some corrections. Maybe the best self-help guide to Internet resources including explanation of Internet addressing, how to use archie and WAIS, how to connect to freenets, and much more.

    Kovacs, Diane [and others]. Directory of Scholarly Electronic Conferences [ftp document, electronic mail file, hypercard stack]. 7th revision ed. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Libraries; 1993; c1992. Note: Exists as a set of electronic files. Files can be retrieved via email or FTP. Send email messages to with the message line: get filename.filetype. To retrieve via FTP, ftp ksuvxa.kent.edu Look in the library directory fo r a list of the files. Also available in this directory as keyword-searchable hypercard stacks. For more information contact Diane Kovacs [[email protected]] . Provides good subject access to hundreds of electronic discussion lists. Subject divisions in this revision include: anthropology, education, geography and area studies, library science, linguistics, political science, business, biological sciences, compu ter science, etc. contains the area studies lists, including many on Latin America. FILE2 also includes the library science lists. The contains detailed information about retrieving the files and about subscribing to the lists. The entries note whether or not the list is moderated and/or archived.

    Krol, Ed. The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog [book]. : O'Reilly & Asso.; 1992. Comprehensive guide to the network, how it works, acceptable use, security and other issues.

    Lane, Graham. Communications for Progress: A Guide to International E-Mail [book]. London: Catholic Institute for International Relations; 1990. Excellent overview of electronic communications intended as a manual for non-profit organizations. Good technical background with details on networks accessible in developing countries.

    LaQuey, Tracey; Ryer, J. C. The Internet Companion: A Beginner's Guide to Global Networking [book]. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley; 1993. Foreword by VP Al Gore. This book explains Internet origins, netiquette, and other basics. Includes chapter on network legends...

    Latin American Information Base (LAIB) [database]. Note: LAIB is designed and maintained by K.C. Walpole <[email protected]> It can be retrieved on the Internet as a set of binary files from the UT-LANIC gopher. LAIB is a "database of databases" on Latin America. The user can retrieve the files from the Internet and run the database on a PC under DOS or Windows. For more information contact the database developer, K.C. Walpole, PO Box 13856, Gainesville, FL 90 4-371- 0458 or via email <[email protected]>.

    McGee, Arthur R. African, African American, African-Caribbean, African Latin Internet/Bitnet Mailing Lists [ftp document]. Note: Retrieve latest version of this list-of-lists via FTP from: in the directory: Also available via email to: . Art McGee regularly posts updates of this list to many of the Latin American interest groups and other email discussions. The list includes many of interest to Latin Americanists. McGee also produces a list of lists on Native/Indigenous peoples' issues. Announcements of updates are posted on many of the lists noted here, on USENET and on bulletin boards.

    Molloy, Molly. Internet Resources for Latin American Studies. College and Research Libraries News. 1993 Jul; 54(7). Introductory list of Latin American resources on the Internet.

    NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement [ftp document]. Note: The full text of the NAFTA document is available from several ftp archives: and probably more. An Archie search yielded only the ariel site, but the other addresses were given as answers to various inquiries. The NAFTA document is quite long and unless you have a lot of disk space available and facility for electronically storing and searching the document, you may not want to retrieve it. You can however, search the text via WAIS (Wide Area Information Serve r) at . See WAIS entry below.

    NAFTA--North American Free Trade Agreement [electronic documents]. Note: Send e-mail to In the body of the message type . Instructions for retrieval will come by return email. For more info send message to and in the body of message type . The NAFTA documents exist in various electronic formats on the Internet. It is available via WAIS and FTP from various sites. The USDA Extension Service provides an easy way to retrieve relevant sections of NAFTA. The command will get a listing of the sections available with instructions on O'Brien, Rory.

    The APC Computer Networks: Global Networking For Change [ftp document]. : GNET Archive; 1993. Note: Retrieve via FTP from the GNET Archive. FTP Directory Filename Paper also published in the July 1992 edition of the Canadian Journal of Information Science. Analysis of how social activists all over the world are using computer communications to enhance networking, focusing specifically on the Association for Progressive Communications.

    Pimienta, Daniel. La Comunicacion Mediante Computador: una esperanza para el sector academico y de investigacion del Tercer Mundo. La experiencia de REDALC en America Latina y el Caribe [ftp document]. : GNET Archive; 1993 May. Note: Paper available from the GNET Archive via FTP in the directory Filename . First paper of the GNET archive published in Spanish... Pimienta gives various reasons why network communication aids development. Description of the REDALC project.

    Polly, Jean Armour. Surfing the Internet: an Introduction. New York: Nysernet; 1992 Dec. Note: To retrieve this electronic document FTP to . CD to /pub/resources/guides. Name of file . This is a longer version of Polly's article in the June 1992 issue of WILSON LIBRARY BULLETIN. It describes many ways that a librarian might use the Internet to communicate via email, locate information, etc. Contains detailed information on how to search for files using archie, gopher, WAIS. Bibliographic information on many basic Internet access sources.

    Resmer, Mark [and others]. LIBS: Internet access software [computer program via FTP]. Note: To obtain LIBS software free of charge: FTP in the directory /pub. Available in DOS or UNIX format. DOS has .com extension; UNIX has .tar.z extension. Software for Internet access. Provides telnet connections to Internet accessible libraries, gophers, WAIS servers and other Internet access tools. Installation requires DOS or UNIX expert.

    Saizar, Pedro. A Guide to the Latin-American Mailing Lists [electronic mail document]. Note: This list appears at intervals on various e-mail lists. Contact compiler: . This list was used by Kovacs in the Latin American section of the "Directory of Scholarly Electronic Conferences." The latest update I have seen is January 1992. The document includes basic instructions for subscribing to the lists and some info on membership and subject matter of the lists.

    Schwartz, Michael F. [and others]. A Comparison of Internet Resource Discovery Approaches. COMPUTING SYSTEMS. 1992 Sep; 5(4): 461-493. Taxonomy and analysis of Internet resource discovery tools, such as WHOIS, archie, WAIS, Netfind, Gopher, etc.

    Scott, Peter. HYTELNET: Internet Access Software [computer program via ftp]. Note: Available via FTP: in the directory Filename: Also available in a UNIX version, created by Earl Fogel This program gives the IBM-PC user instant access to Internet- accessible library catalogs, freenets, gophers, WAIS, etc. Requires some expertise in DOS and/or UNIX systems, file transfer, and dealing with compressed files.

    Smith, Richard J.; Gibbs, Mark. Navigating the Internet. Indianapolis: SAMS Publishing; 1993. Good and basic. Detail on internet access to online databases such as CARL, DIALOG, OCLC and ERIC.

    St. George, Art; Larsen, Ron. Internet Accessible Library Catalogs & Databases [ftp document]. : University of Maryland, University of New Mexico; 1992. Note: Available as an FTP file from in th directory with the filename . This file provides telnet addresses and user information for library catalogs in the U.S., Canada, UK, Mexico and several other countries. New catalogs are always becoming available and the directory is updated frequently. Many libraries are also instal ling software (such as gopher, libs, etc) that make the telnet connection automatically.

    Strangelove, Michael. Directory of Electronic Journals & Newsletters [electronic mail document, ftp document]. Edition 2.1 ed. Ottawa: University of Ottawa; 1992 Jul. Note: Available in two large files via electronic mail. Send an e-mail message to: . In the body of the message type: You may also be able to retrieve via interactive listserv commands. Also available via FTP <137.122.6.16> CD File is One of the first attempts to maintain a listing of electronic journals and newsletters. Useful for identifying potential information sources on the net. Entries usually contain details for subscribing. An updated version of the Strangelove list has been published by the Association of Research Libraries (see above).

    Tennant, Roy [and others]. Crossing the Internet Threshold: An Instructional Handbook [book]. Berkeley: Library Solutions Press; 1992. Guide for training users on the Internet.

    United Nations Development Programme. UNDP Gopher [gopher system]. Note: Telnet address [nywork1.undp.org, port 70] For information contact Lorraine Waitman, Dag Hammarskjold Library [[email protected]]. This gopher server contains a directory of the UN system, UNCED documentation with WAIS search facility, UNDP field office telecommunications catalog, press highlights, etc. New information is added daily.

    USAID Latin America & Caribbean Economic & Social Data [gopher/ database]. Note: Access via the UT-LANIC gopher or login: lanic or access UT-LANIC from any "All the gophers in the world" menu. In the UT-LANIC menu system it is located at Latin America/Latin America General Inf ormation/Latin America and the Caribbean Economic and Social Data, USAID. Excellent source for current statistics covering many economic and social indicators. Easy to find charts and download or email using the gophermail feature.

    UT-LANIC: Latin American Network Information Center [gopher system]. Austin: University of Texas, Institute of Latin American Studies. Note: Access via telnet Login You can also access via any gopher server with a menu system that allows access to "all gophers in the world" or something else like that. Just choose North America, Texas, etc. For more information contact: Ning Lin, LANIC Technical Director or Carolyn Poage . Announced in April 1993, the UT-LANIC gopher provides access to library catalogs, specialized databases, internet access tools and information, FTP archives, economic/social statistics from Latin America and much more.

    WAIS Searchable Information of Interest to Latin Americanists [WAIS Wide Area Information Server]. Note: To connect to WAIS: Login: 'wais'. The LIBS software described above provides seamless access to WAIS. . WAIS allows keyword access to various archived electronic files. Browse the list to see what is available. This does change often and there are other WAIS sites out there. Some e-mail list archives are searchable via WAIS. The following files and sites currently available may be of interest to Latin Americanists: . You can also search the Kovacs list of Academic E-mail Conferences via WAIS This makes more sense once you get into the WAIS server at quake. think.com. You can browse through the list, select files to search, enter keywords, and retrieve relevant texts from the files.

    Weis, Allan. Commercialization of the Internet. ELECTRONIC NETWORKING: RESEARCH, APPLICATIONS, & POLICY. 1992 Sep; 2(3): 7- 16. Describes Internet history and growth and the current trend toward commercial use of the Internet. Emphasizes the need to revise acceptable use policies to account for private use and investment, the need for statutory treatment of liability issues for ne twork providers, the need to integrate developments networks based on leading edge technologies with heavily used production networks based on proven technologies, and the need for more global planning.

    Yanoff, Scott. Internet Services List [ftp document, electronic mail document]. Note: Updated about every 2 weeks. Obtain via FTP Directory filename Also available via Or subscribe to the USENET list alt.internet.services. An eclectic list of special Internet files and services. Arranged in ABC order, browse list to become aware of new things on the net.

  8.    LISTA DE LISTAS

    9. LIST OF LISTS: LATIN AMERICAN INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET compiled by Molly Molloy, New Mexico State University Library, Las Cruces, NM 88001

    Most of the lists mentioned below use the listserv software. You can subscribe automatically by addressing a message to . The body of the message should be: . Some lists do not use listserv and you must send a message to an address, perhaps asking to subscribe.

    I have tried to get the most current information available for the lists, but addresses change and lists come and go. I have included a person's email address when possible. This list is not meant to be complete. A good way to find out more about Latin American lists (or lists on any subject) is to send database searches to (described below under NEW-LIST). Also, explore other lists of lists accessible on UT-LANIC and other gophers.

    If you know of other Latin America related lists on the internet, or if you have corrections for any of the information below, please send to Molly Molloy . New Mexico State University Library, Las Cruces, NM 88001

    ACTIV-L: Peace, Democracy, Freedom, Justice (Activists' Mailing List) [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe:

    To send messages to the list: . This list also exists on USENET as . . The is a very busy list covering all kinds of progressive/radical political issues. Of interest to Latin Americanists because many activist/human rights groups post news and bulletins from numerous Latin American countries. Excellent source for news from El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Peru and other countries. Also postings from environmental, trade, development organizations.

    ARENAL: Lista de discussion para hispanos/as que desean acabar con la homofobia... [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to For questions send email to or . List announced in April 1993 for gay/lesbian latinos and discussion of gay issues. .

    ARGENTINA [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to . . Argentina discussion and news group(s). There are several subsets of the Argentina news group, some for just news reports and others for discussion. The best way to subscribe is to send a message to the address above. It will be answered by one of the m oderators who will provide specific information on the different groups and how to sign on. .

    ARQUITECTURA-L: Discussion of Latin American Architecture [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send a message to: Post messages to: List administrator: Gonzalo Velez, . List announced April 1993. .

    AVIFAUNA:Neotropical Birds & Conservation [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: Messages post to: . List announced April 1993 from the International Council for Bird Preservation and the Red Cientifica Peruana. For information email questions to or to Jose Soriano .

    BASQUE-L--Basque Culture Mailing List [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send a message to List owner Marta . A forum for the exchange of information on Basque culture including news, literature, human rights, music, food, art and other topics. Languages: Basque, French, Spanish and English.

    BORIKEN: Cultura y Sociedad de Puerto Rico [electronic mail list(s)]. Note: To subscribe send message to: Messages to: For other list and subscription information contact: Rafael Pirazzi . General discussion of Puerto Rican society and culture. The ENLACE listserv, located at the Universidad de Puerto Rico also administers several other discussion groups on other issues.

    BRAS-NET: Brazilian Discussion Group/Network [electronic mail list(s)]. Note: Non-European users to subscribe send message to: . European users send message to: . . Several other Brazilian interest groups exist. To get more general info on these other lists, try sending an email message to: or to: .

    CARECON: Caribbean Economy [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: To post: . Discussion of issues related to the Caribbean economy.

    CENTAM-L: Central America Discussion Group [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: Post messages to . Active discussion group for people from Central America and others interested in the region. Many members are students in the United states from Central American countries. News, human rights reports and other info posted regularly from the region.

    CHILE-L: Chile Discussion Group [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to: Post messages to: . General discussion on Chile.

    CLACSO-INST-L: Red Electronica de Ciencias Sociales en America Latina-Institutional Information & CLACSO-ACCESO-L: Regional Social Science News [electronic mail lists]. Note: To subscribe: Post messages to: or Questions to: Gustavo Navarro or or . Lists announced in April 1993. CLACSO-INST-L will include an electronic newsletter, "Carta de CLACSO". .

    COMEDIA: Hispanic Classic Theatre [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: To post: . Discussion of Hispanic Classic Theatre.

    CUBA-L--Cuba Today [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to . Moderator: Nelson Valdes . News on current events in Cuba.

    DEVEL-L: Technology Transfer in International Development [electronic mail list]. : Volunteers in Technical Assistance. Note: To subscribe: Post messages to: Administered by Volunteers in Technical Assistance. For more information contact: . Exchange of information on technology and development. Good source for finding out about publications (electronic and otherwise). Maintains archive of ftp files. .

    DEVMEDIA--Media for Development and Democracy [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Moderator: Don Richardson . A list for the discussion of progressive media (radio, video, etc) in developing countries.

    EC-CHARLA: Discussion of Ecuadorean society, politics, culture, etc. [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to: . Post messages to Questions to Javier Hidalgo . General discussion on Ecuador. Mostly in Spanish, but any language is welcome. .

    EC-NOTICIAS-L: Ecuador News Bulletins "Diario Hoy" [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Do not post to the list. Questions may be addressed to Javier Hidalgo . Excellent source for news from Ecuador. Daily news bulletins from "Diario Hoy" include Ecuador news and also important news from elsewhere in the region. .

    ESPORA-L: Spanish-Portuguese History [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: To post messages: . Discussion and exchange of information on the history of the Iberian peninsula. Multilingual--Portuguese, Spanish, English, Catalan, etc.

    FOLLAC:Folklore Latino, Latinoamericano y Caribeno [electronic mail list]. Note: Mailing list for discussion of Latin American Folklore. To join list send a message to Emily Socolov at: To post messages to the list send to Moderatrs address: University of Texas--Aus tin, Folklore Studies. Spring 1993. Multilingual. Described as a mailing list for "all people interested in the folklore and traditional, expressive culture of the hemisphere.".

    GNET:Global Networking [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to: . This lists posts announcements of research papers and other documents available from the GNET Archives, an ftp site . The archive contains many papers on global networking, use of networks in less developed countries, communication in in ternational development and other related topics. .

    [email protected] [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Moderator: Senaida Jansen CONICIT provides access to various other discussion groups focused on the Caribbean area. Forum for the creation of a Haiti network. Part of the REDALC project. .

    HELP-NET: Internet & Bitnet User Help [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: To post messages: Parallel USENET group . Good list for new network users. Get answers to many techno- questions. Contains a list of FAQ (frequently-asked-questions) files to help new users.

    HILAT-L: Higher Education in Latin America [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send a message to [[email protected]] To post messages to the list [[email protected]] For information contact Simon Schwartzman, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Research Group on Higher Education [[email protected]]. Intended as a means of information interchange about research on higher education in Latin America by disseminating information about research projects, publications, meetings, etc. .

    H-LATAM--Latin American History [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to . H-LATAM is part of a larger network of history lists. For more information on H-Net (the History Network) contact Richard Jensen .

    [email protected] [electronic mail list]. : Brazilian Institute of Social & Economic Analyses. Note: To subscribe send message to [[email protected]] To post messages to the list send to [[email protected]]. For more information send email to [[email protected]] or [[email protected]]. This list contains texts prepared by the Brazilian Institute of Social and Economic Analyses, IBASE, a non-governmental research, service and consultancy organization based in Rio de Janeiro. IBASE prepares information packages in several formats includi ng text, video, radio, etc. on Brazilian social, economic, political and cultural issues. IBASE's main goal is democratization of information...(this info obtained from the new list announcement posted to ACTIV-L on May 11, 1993).

    INDKNOW--Indigenous Knowledge List [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to . List covers issues relating to indigenous peoples' knowledge systems worldwide. Often focus on Latin America.

    LADIG-L: Latin American Database Interest Group [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Moderator: Roma Arellano . Announcements and discussion of database products and services from and about Latin America.

    LALA-L: Latin Americanist Librarians' Announcements List [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: Messages to: Moderator: Gayle Williams . Announcements and discussion for Latin American Studies librarians and others.

    LASNET: Latin American Studies Network [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send a message to: Post messages to: Moderator: Ning Lin . Purpose of LASNET is to faciltate communication among Latin Americanists internationally. LASNET includes a directory of over 300 subscribers. Contains mostly "official" announcements like upcoming conferences, new publications, new lists, etc...

    LATAM-INFO: Latin America Academic Information [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send a message to: Post messages to: . Similar to LASNET, but based in UK. Dissemination of information and discussion of matters of common concern to subject specialists, librarians, students and others in Latin American studies.

    LATCO:Business & Trade with Latin America [electronic mail list]. Portland, Oregon: Latin American Trade Council of Oregon. Note: To subscribe send a message to To post messages to the list Produced by the Latin American Trade Council of Oregon. Moderators: Tom Miles and Walter Morales . Discussion list for trade and economic data, analysis, opinions and experience, sources of information about Latin American business and industry, conference announcements, etc. Multilingual. .

    LETRAS-L--Luso-Brazilian Languages and Literatures [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Coordinator: Alamir . >From list announcement: "Forum para discussao de assuntos correntes nas areas de linguistica aplicada, de teoria da literatura...bem como anuncio de congressos e associacoes." .

    LLAJTA--Bolivia list [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to For help send message . Mailing list on Bolivia. .

    MCLR: Midwest Consortium for Latino Research [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: Post to: . Dialogue among Latino scholars and others in the United States. Announcement of grants available, academic jobs of interest to Latinos and other information and discussion. .

    MEXICO-L: Knowing Mexico: People, Places & Culture [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: To post messages: . An active list with members from many countries, all with an interest in Mexico. Good source for getting network information on Mexico. Mostly in Spanish. Parallel USENET group .

    NAFTA [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to For more info contact Brad Nuttall . This list was quite active before the passage of NAFTA in the US Congress. It still seems to be operating, but not very active. The MEXNET organization also provides a fee-based service providing economic/business news from Mexico. Contact for more info on the service and the list.

    NATIVE-L: Indigenous Peoples Information; NAT-LANG: Languages of Indigenous Peoples; NATCHAT: Indigenous Peoples Discussion [electronic mail lists]. Note: Three separate lists available for subscription via: Post messages to: . These lists deal with various issues related to indigenous peoples worldwide. Politics, culture, information sources are all discussed. Participants include academics, activists, students, etc. Good news source for information on environment, human rights , politics, etc. in Latin America, especially for Guatemala, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and other countries with large indigenous populations. Archive maintained at . Parallel USENET groups and .

    NET-HAPPENINGS--Internet Announcements [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Moderator: Gleason Sackman . Very active list (20+ messages/day) of announcements and bulletins on internet resources and services. Excellent for information on legislation affecting the "info-superhighway." A good way to follow new developments on the net.

    NEW-LIST--Announcements of new bitnet/internet mailing lists [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to . NEW-LIST announces newly established e-mail lists on bitnet and internet. The also provides a good database to search for the existence of lists by keywords. To perform a search send the following database commands to 

     //dblook job echo=no

database search dd=rules

 //rules dd *

select searchterm in lists

index

select searchterm in intgroup

index

select searchterm in new-list

index

    The listserv will search bitnet,internet and new-list archives lists of lists for mailing lists that contain your searchterm. By return email you will receive a list of results.

    PERU: Discussion Group [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to: Post messages to: List administrator: Herbert Koller . General discussion on Peru. Probably 5-10 news postings daily from various wire services and international newspapers. Mostly in Spanish.

    REDALC: Reseau Amerique Latine et Caraibes/Latin American & Caribbean Networks [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe: To post: Moderator: Daniel Pimienta . Discussion of the creation and status of Latin American and Caribbean computer networks.

    SIRIAC-L : Latin American Networks [electronic mail list]. Puerto Rico: Sistema Integrado de Recursos Informaticos y Cientificos. Note: To subscribe send message to: Post messages to: For more information on other lists or subscriptions contact: Roberto Loran . An interest group for discussion of the present and future of Latin American networks.

    USENET NEWS soc.culture.portuguese> soc.culture.argentina> soc.cu lture.uruguay> [Usenet newsgroups]. Note: To read USENET news you must have access via a news reader on your local system or through access to another system. Find out about local access by contacting your computer center or other Internet access provider. . These newsgroups discuss almost anything relating to society, politics, travel, culture, etc. for the regions described. Various languages, mostly Spanish, Portuguese, English. Much info is cross-posted to other lists. At least one of these contains an FAQ(frequently asked questions) file that provides a lot of good information. USENET groups can be created by a voting process and they can also disappear for lack of interest. Numbers of messages posted range from 1 to 1000+ in the groups mentioned above. Why ; why ??? Why ask why? If you participate in the USENET community, it will all become clear..{SYMBOL 77 \f "Wingdings"}.

    VIRTUA-L: Realidad Virtual [electronic mail list]. Note: To subscribe send message to Post messages to List moderators: Enrique Hernandez and Gonzalo Velez Jahn . A list for the discussion of "la realidad virtual y el ciberespacio," and to "formular el intercambio y divulgacion de topicos culturales y de investigacion sobre la realidad virtual en el contexto latinoamericano.".

    NOTA DE Daniel Pimienta, para complementar el excelente trabajo de compilacion de Molly Molloy.

    [email protected]: lista para el Caribe (investigacion y cultura) Moderador: [email protected], 50 suscritos

    [email protected]: lista para la Rep. Dominicana (investigacion) Moderador: [email protected], 50 suscritos

    [email protected] va mas alla que los aspectos de redes de la region. Un buen lugar para manterse informado y solicitar ayuda en matera de redes y de informacion. 220 suscritos, pero unos estimados 4000 personas reciben las contribuciones.

    [email protected]: Lista reservada a los administradores de redes nacionales de la region (y persdonas de entidades que participan en la creacion y el desarrollo de redes nacionales).

  9. ACCESO A GLOBAL NET (GNET) POR CORREO ELECTRONICO

    10. Para usar ftmail, envie un mensaje a: [email protected], especificando cuales archivos desea recibir y la direccion electronica en donde desea recibirlos. Utilice el siguiente formato en su mensaje: 

    reply    {direccion hacia donde se enviaran los archivos}

connect dhvx20.csudh.edu      {computadora que contiene los archivos}

chdir global_net              {cambiar al directorio global_net}

get       {nombre del archivo que desea recibir}

...                           {puede especificar hasta 10 comandos "get"}

quit                          {fin del mensaje}

    Por ejemplo, el siguiente mensaje causara que el archivo llamado "inet92.txt" sea enviado a la direccion electronica [email protected]: 

    Enviar:

     To: [email protected]   {la direccion del servidor}

     Subject: gnet_example        {cualquier subject esta bien}

 

El mensaje:

 

     reply [email protected]

     connect dhvx20.csudh.edu

     chdir global_net

     get inet92.txt

     quit

    Para ver una lista de los archivos disponibles, get index.txt. Para recibir solo el extracto de un documento, get .abs. Para recibir el documento completo, get .txt.

    Si su computadora no puede encontrar dhvx20.csudh.edu, sustituya "connect to 155.135.1.1".

    Si esta aun confuso, envie un mensaje a [email protected].

    Para conseguir una descripcion completa del servidor ftpmail, envie un mensaje de una sola linea diciendo:

    help

    A: [email protected].